My father had a similar encounter with his 280SE Merc back in 1974 as he was driving through Romania on his way to Lebanon, back from a business trip to Germany. It was during winter as well, at sub zero temperatures, driving at 110+.
The windshield held up but the strike left a baseball sized hole in it; and he had to sticky tape a cloth on the hole until he reached Istanbul in Turkey where he had it replaced.